About the journal
"Trends in Phytochemical Research (TPR)", is a prominent journal that publishes original research and review articles. It covers a wide range of topics including the characterization and processing of essential oils, analytical assessments of bioactive compounds, natural products chemistry, phytochemical evaluations of essential oils and extracts, and their antioxidant, antibacterial, antimicrobial, antifungal properties. The journal also explores areas such as food chemistry and the biological activities of naturally occurring compounds. The abbreviated form of this journal is "Trends Phytochem. Res.". TPR is an open access and a free of charge journal for all authors all over the world. In other words, there is no article processing charge for each accepted and subsequently published article in the journal.
"Trends in Phytochemical Research (TPR)" publishes original research articles, review papers, short communications, letter to editor, technical notes, and book reviews. At present, it publishes four issues per year. “Trends in Phytochemical Research (TPR)”, an international open access and quarterly journal that has been regularly published since March 2017. This journal has received an official approval from the 103rd session of the Journals Evaluation Committee of Islamic Azad University, Central Organization on 10 October 2016. The Editor-in-Chief of TPR is Prof. Majid Mohammadhosseini from the Chemistry Department of Islamic Azad University of Shahrood. This journal is published by Islamic Azad University, Shahrood Branch Press, Shahrood, Iran.
ISSN Print: 2588-3623
ISSN Online: 2588-3631
CODEN: TPR
Journal Home Page: http://tpr.iau-shahrood.ac.ir/
The headlines of Trends in Phytochemical Research (TPR) are as follows.
Analytical Chemistry Disciplines with Focus on Medicinal and Herbal Plants
Spectroscopy: Atomic and Molecular
Separation: Chromatography (GC, HPLC, GC-MS, Headspace…); Extraction (SPME, …)
Hyphenated techniques: GC-MS, Two Dimensional Gas Chromatography,….
Critical Reviews in Phytochemistry
Food Science
Food Chemistry: Analysis, Sensory Evaluation,…
Quality control
Phytochemistry
Essential Oils: Classical and Advanced Techniques for Isolation of the Essential Oils, Antibacterial, Antimicrobial Evaluations, etc.
Extracts
Biotransformation
Pharmacognosy
Flavor, Perfumes and Cosmetics
Pharmaceutical Formulations and Herbal Drugs
Ethnopharmaceutical Reports
Ethnopharmacology
Computational and Theoretical Studies Related to Different Aspects of Phytochemistry
Considering the statistics of TPR in 2019, the acceptance rate the submitted articles was about 49%. The average time between submission and final decision is six to eight weeks and the average time between acceptance and publication is about one month.
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The submitted papers are also tracked via reliable "Plagiarism Checker" like "iThenticate plagiarism checker" to make sure their originality. The other objective of our journal is to publish the highest quality articles and disseminate to all readers through our "Open Access" mode. The published articles are not recommended for commercial use.
Recent Articles
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Open Access Article
1 - Exploration of metabolic variations, anti-cholinesterase, anti-heme biocrystallization, and anti-protein denaturation activities of ten Capsicum accessions under different stages of ripening
Mamita Debnath Jhelam Chatterjee Susmita DasIssue 1 , Vol. 8 , Spring 2024Hydro-methanolic extracts of pericarps and seeds of 10 different Capsicum cultivars from three different species viz., Capsicum chinense, C. annuum and C. frutescens were assessed to determine metabolic variations and anti-cholinesterase, anti-malarial and anti-protein MoreHydro-methanolic extracts of pericarps and seeds of 10 different Capsicum cultivars from three different species viz., Capsicum chinense, C. annuum and C. frutescens were assessed to determine metabolic variations and anti-cholinesterase, anti-malarial and anti-protein denaturation activities at four different stages of ripening, namely green unripe (GU), turning green-orange (TGO), orange ripe (OR) and red fully ripe (RFR) stages. Many of the ripening stages of the tested cultivars showed significant bioactivities in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, metabolites were identified using GC/MS. On the other hand, HPLC analysis revealed the highest capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin content in the pericarp of GU, TGO and RFR stages of C. chinense. β-Carotene, capsanthin and lutein contents of C. chinense were also measured using HPTLC technique. The GU and RFR stages of C. chinense contained appropriate amounts of all three carotenoids. These results may be helpful in selecting the cultivars with the best attributes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of aqueous extracts of Vitex agnus cactus L. and Cymbopogon nardus L. against carrageenan-induced inflammation in rats
Fatima El Kamari Driss Ousaaid Laila Lahrizi Abdelfettah El Moussaoui Badiaa LyoussiIssue 1 , Vol. 8 , Spring 2024Vitex agnus cactus and Cymbopogon nardus are widely used in traditional and conventional medicine as natural anti-inflammatory agents. Within this framework, the current study was undertaken to examine in vivo the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of aqueous extra MoreVitex agnus cactus and Cymbopogon nardus are widely used in traditional and conventional medicine as natural anti-inflammatory agents. Within this framework, the current study was undertaken to examine in vivo the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of aqueous extracts of the leaves and seeds of V. agnus cactus and C. nardus. In this relation, aqueous extracts were prepared from the leaves and fruits of V. agnus cactus and the leaves of C. nardus. The inflammatory process was induced using the carrageenan method. The analysis of the obtained results revealed that the aqueous extract of leaves of V. agnus cactus exhibited the highest antioxidant content (80.22 ± 11.7 mg GAE/g for TPC, 72.14 ± 9 mg RE/g for TFC, 680 ± 19.6 mg QE/g for flavones and flavonols, 355.33 ± 23.36 mg AAE/g for TAC, 0.33 ± 0.04 mg/mL for IC50-DPPH, and 0.97 ± 0.04 mg/mL for EC50-FRAP) and anti-inflammatory effect with dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that these plants have the potential to alleviate pain and inflammation when used for therapeutic purposes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Simultaneous optimization of extraction of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of Ammi visnaga (L.) Lam aerial parts using response surface methodology
Zineb El Jabboury Smail Aazza Driss Ousaaid Oumaima Chater Uroš Gašić Peđa Janaćković Zora Dajic Stevanovic Stefan Kolašinac Meryem Benjelloun Lahsen El GhadraouiIssue 1 , Vol. 8 , Spring 2024In this report, different extracts from the aerial parts of Ammi visnaga (L.), e.g., flowers, leaves, and stems were prepared using water, methanol, and ethanol. To optimize the extraction process, the design of mixtures was carried out using different extracting solven MoreIn this report, different extracts from the aerial parts of Ammi visnaga (L.), e.g., flowers, leaves, and stems were prepared using water, methanol, and ethanol. To optimize the extraction process, the design of mixtures was carried out using different extracting solvents and their combinations. The special cubic model explained the variance of the TPC and the antioxidant activity of the extracts at a level of R2 > 95%. In general, the analysis of the model-derived response surfaces revealed that in binary mixtures (50% ethanol + 50% methanol), the yielded values of phenolic compounds and the antioxidant activity increase with the water proportion of different prepared mixtures. The ability of the quaternary mixture to extract the phenolic compounds was also positively and significantly influenced by the water content, creating a mild polar medium for the extraction of phenolic compounds. The phenolic profile of different extracts under study revealed the presence of a cocktail of active ingredients, including chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, rutin, p-coumaric acid, etc. especially the flower extract of A. visnaga (L.). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - A comparative study on the extracts from the fruits of Ficus auriculata L.: GC-MS profiling, phytochemical composition, biological activities and in-silico ADMET study
Garima Tamta Nisha Mehra Shishir Tandon Viveka Nand Manish Pant Vinita GouriIssue 1 , Vol. 8 , Spring 2024Ficus auriculata L., commonly known as, “elephant ear fig” is a species of fig tree in Moraceae family and globally found in tropical and subtropical forests. The present comparative study investigated the GC-MS analysis, phytochemical composition, in vitro antioxidant MoreFicus auriculata L., commonly known as, “elephant ear fig” is a species of fig tree in Moraceae family and globally found in tropical and subtropical forests. The present comparative study investigated the GC-MS analysis, phytochemical composition, in vitro antioxidant assays and antidiabetic activity of methanol and hexane extracts from the fruits of Ficus auriculata which was collected from two different agro-climatic conditions in Uttarakhand, namely Almora (Hill region) and Haldwani (Tarai region). The GC-MS analysis of Almora unripe hexane fruit extract (AUFHE) and Haldwani unripe hexane fruit extract (HUFHE) gave rise to the characterization of two chemical profiles composed of 37 and 40 bioactive compounds with γ-sitosterol (15.46% and13.44%) as the most abundant component, respectively. Moreover, in Almora unripe methanol fruit extract (AUFME) and Haldwani unripe methanol fruit extract (HUFME), 24 and 23 bioactive compounds were characterized among which linoleic acid (71.41%) and hexadecadienoate (26.42%) were the most prevalent compounds, respectively. In view of the obtained results, HUFME exhibited prominent total phenolic, flavonoid and tannin contents. AUFME also showed potent antioxidant activity when using DPPH (2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity assay (IC50 =447.45 ± 0.53 µg/mL), whereas strong metal chelation assay was found for HUFHE (IC50= 502.07 ± 2.50 µg/mL). Furthermore, AUFME and HUFME displayed potent anti-diabetic activity. In addition, ADMET study predicted that F. auriculata could be considered an effective bioactive source of phytoconstituents for various biological efficacies. The observed pharmacological properties could be attributed to the presence of polyphenols, flavonoids and fatty acids in F. auriculata fruit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Phytochemical analysis of trunk bark with branch bark, wood and stored bark of Ficus racemosa and comparison with other Ficus barks
Manikandan Velanthavalam Logeswaran Vellingiri VadivelIssue 1 , Vol. 8 , Spring 2024The phytochemistry of F. racemosa bark was compared with other Ficus species available in South India (F. religiosa, F. benghalensis and F. hispida barks). Further, fresh bark was compared with stored bark of F. racemosa; wood with the trunk bark of F. racemosa; branch MoreThe phytochemistry of F. racemosa bark was compared with other Ficus species available in South India (F. religiosa, F. benghalensis and F. hispida barks). Further, fresh bark was compared with stored bark of F. racemosa; wood with the trunk bark of F. racemosa; branch bark with the trunk bark of F. racemosa. Also the protective potential of active fraction was evaluated against oxidative stress in ex vivo skin model. Qualitative and quantitative estimation of phytochemicals were done for Ficus species bark samples and also subjected to UPLC-QTOF-MS analysis. It was found that methanolic extract of F. racemosa has a high number of phytochemicals (Flavonoids: 4.10 mg/mL; phytosterols: 3.28 mg/mL; total phenols: 29.93 mg/mL and tannins: 8.98 mg/mL). Kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucoside was noted as the major compound in F. racemosa bark. Trunk bark of F. racemosa was quantified to have high amount of phytochemicals than branch bark. Also, bark was found to contain higher concentration of different phytochemicals than F. racemosa wood. Stored bark of F. racemosa was found to exhibit lesser amount of phytochemicals than fresh bark. F. racemosa bark also exhibits moderate superoxide and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities, high inhibition of lipid peroxidation and moderate inhibition of protein oxidation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Blood coagulation effect of combined extract of Thymus vulgaris and Medicago sativa
Zahra Sadat Mashkani Jafar Vatandoost Toktam Hajjar Behnam MahdaviIssue 1 , Vol. 8 , Spring 2024Thymus vulgaris and Mediacgo sativa, are used as a traditional remedy in the treatment of bleeding disorders. Considering their probabilistic coagulation compounds, in an animal study, forty male mice were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 8) as well as negative and MoreThymus vulgaris and Mediacgo sativa, are used as a traditional remedy in the treatment of bleeding disorders. Considering their probabilistic coagulation compounds, in an animal study, forty male mice were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 8) as well as negative and positive control. Coagulation indices include bleeding time (BT), clotting time (CT), and the number of platelets (PLT) were examined on the 13th day of treatment. A significant reduction in the BT and CT tests, as well as a significant increase in PLT in the treated groups was observed. It is concluded that although the T. vulgaris and M. sativa extracts have a coagulation effect through primary homeostasis and a common pathway of secondary hemostasis, combined extracts are more effective than individual extracts. Moreover, phenolic and flavonoid compounds are the most affecting compounds that affect platelet number and aggregation. Manuscript profile
Most Viewed Articles
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Open Access Article
1 - Herbal cosmeceuticals: New opportunities in cosmetology
Mohd Aqil Aiswarya Chaudhuri Abdul QadirIssue 3 , Vol. 4 , Summer 2020Cosmeceuticals are defined as cosmetic products designed to improve and enhance the physical appearance, beauty, health as well as to treat the skin ailments. The main objective of the present review is to document various plants along with their active phytochemicals l MoreCosmeceuticals are defined as cosmetic products designed to improve and enhance the physical appearance, beauty, health as well as to treat the skin ailments. The main objective of the present review is to document various plants along with their active phytochemicals like alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, sterols, triterpenes, tannins, etc. responsible for activities like antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, sunlight protection, skin regeneration, de-pigmentation, anti-dandruff, anti-hair fall, anti-lice, etc. This study also provides an overview of geographical distribution, environmental attributes, extraction and isolation procedure of active phytochemicals responsible for biological activity. This review further tries to assess the regulatory scenario of cosmeceuticals as they are placed under the subclass of cosmetics under Europe and Japan regulations , whereas in US regulations, cosmeceuticals are placed under the subclass of drugs. The application of nanotechnology in formulating cosmeceuticals (nano-cosmeceuticals) has also seen the light of the day. It can be viewed as a “new paradigm” in the cosmetic industry. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - A review on biosynthesis, regulation, and applications of terpenes and terpenoids
Anjali Singh Dhananjay Singh Sapna Sharma Nishu MittalIssue 4 , Vol. 7 , Autumn 2023Essential oils (EOs) are concentrated liquids extracted from various parts of plants and can be classified based on their phytochemical compounds. Terpenes and terpenoids have a wide range of biological activities, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, MoreEssential oils (EOs) are concentrated liquids extracted from various parts of plants and can be classified based on their phytochemical compounds. Terpenes and terpenoids have a wide range of biological activities, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antiallergic properties. Terpenes are plant-based compounds commonly used in the pharmaceutical, food, biofuel, and chemical industries by humans. In synthetic biology, genomic resources and emerging tools facilitate the production of high-quality terpenoids in plants and microbes. Terpenoids, however, are difficult to produce in large quantities due to their complex chemical structures and the limited amounts found in plants. The regulation of terpenoid biosynthesis has gradually emerged as a research priority. This review presents an overview of the biological activities, synthesis pathways, and key enzymes involved in the biosynthetic pathways and regulation of terpenes or terpenoids. This review will also include references for further research on molecular regulation, biological advancements, and increasing the content of terpenes or terpenoids in plants. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - A mini review on therapeutic potentials of <i>Phyllanthus niruri</i> L.
Jeevani Maheshika Dahanayake Pathirage Kamal Perera Priyadarshani Galappaththy Menuka ArawwawalaIssue 3 , Vol. 4 , Summer 2020Phyllanthus niruri Linn belongs to plant family Euphorbiaceae and is found in tropical and subtropical countries of the world including some regions of Sri Lanka and India. The extract of P. niruri Linn is the most commonly used medicine in Ayurveda system of medicine a MorePhyllanthus niruri Linn belongs to plant family Euphorbiaceae and is found in tropical and subtropical countries of the world including some regions of Sri Lanka and India. The extract of P. niruri Linn is the most commonly used medicine in Ayurveda system of medicine and has especially been recommended for the treatment of bronchitis, anaemia, skin diseases, asthma, cough, liver, kidney and urinary tract disorders. In the present study, an attempt was done to document the scientific investigations on phytochemicals and pharmacological activities of P. niruri Linn. According to the findings of P. niruri Linn, it shows potent pharmacological actions on hepatitis B virus, liver carcinoma, kidney stones and HIV. The available research suggested that P. niruri Linn has many beneficial health effects. However, human based data are sparse and conducting clinical trials will be necessary to prove more public health implications. These findings may be considered as clues to the development of novel pharmaceutical preparations from P. niruri Linn in future. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Preliminary phytochemical screening for antioxidant activity and content of phenols and flavonoids of 18 species of plants native to western Ecuador
Shirley Moncayo Xavier Cornejo Jhon Castillo Viviana ValdezIssue 2 , Vol. 5 , Spring 2021The phytochemical screening, total phenolics and flavonoids content and antioxidant activity of plants native to western Ecuador were investigated to provide the basic information for further studies towards the discovery of new compounds. The species studied were Adeno MoreThe phytochemical screening, total phenolics and flavonoids content and antioxidant activity of plants native to western Ecuador were investigated to provide the basic information for further studies towards the discovery of new compounds. The species studied were Adenostemma platyphyllum Cass, Castilla elastica subsp . gummifera (Miq.) C.C. Berg., Cochlospermum vitifolium (Willd.) Spreng., Ectozoma pavonii Miers, Erythrochiton giganteus Kaastra & A.H. Gentry, Erythroxylum patens Ruiz ex O.E.Schulz, Ficus brevibracteata W.C. Burger, Ficus tonduzii Standl., Grias ecuadorica Cornejo & S.A. Mori, Handroanthus billbergii subsp . ampla (Bureau K. Schum.) S.O. Grose, Morisonia americana L., Operculina codonantha (Benth.) Hallier f., Passiflora macrophylla Spruce ex Mast., Podandrogyne jamesonii (Briq.) Cochrane, Pradosia montana T.D. Penn., Tecoma castaneifolia (D.Don) Melch, Urera baccifera (L.) Gaudich. ex Wedd., and Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) Schott.The highest percentage of inhibition of DPPH• was found in E. patens (92.41%). Most of the extracts evaluated exhibited antioxidant activity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - <i>Leucas aspera</i> (Willd.) L.: Antibacterial, antifungal and mosquitocidal activities
Manickam Pavunraj Ganapathy Ramasubbu Kathirvelu BaskarIssue 3 , Vol. 1 , Summer 2017The various organic extracts from the leaves of Leucas aspera were screened for their antibacterial, antifungal and larvicidal activities against selected bacterial, fungal strains and mosquito larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus. Antimicrobial activity was carried out usi MoreThe various organic extracts from the leaves of Leucas aspera were screened for their antibacterial, antifungal and larvicidal activities against selected bacterial, fungal strains and mosquito larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus. Antimicrobial activity was carried out using disc-diffusion method and MIC of the extract was tested by the broth micro-dilution method. The results revealed that all the extracts showed antibacterial and antifungal activities against selected microbes at 1, 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/disc concentrations. The maximum zone of inhibitions were recorded in dichloromethane (DCM) leaf extract of L. aspera against S. aureus (23.4 ± 2.90 mm), E. coli (20.3 ± 1.56 mm), B. subtilis (17.1 ± 2.04 mm), P. aeruginosa (16.5 ± 1.05 mm), P. vulgaris (16.1 ± 2.56 mm) and K. pneumonia (15.1 ± 3.66 mm) at 10 mg/disc concentration. The DCM extract of L. aspera exhibited significant growth inhibition against T. viride (29.2 ± 2.00 mm), C. albicans (24.4 ± 0.80 mm), A. flavus (22.8 ± 0.36 mm) and E. floccosum (19.5 ± 2.17 mm). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranges between 75.5-425.5 µg/mL and 125-425 µg/mL against bacterial and fungal pathogens, respectively. In addition, DCM extracts of L. aspera showed 100% larvicidal activity against C. quinquefasciatus at 1000 ppm concentration. The biological activities could contribute to the medicinal properties of the plants, and also provide more scientific authentication of traditional medicinal plants to fight against the various infectious diseases Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Effects of hydro-ethanolic extract of Echinophora platyloba L. (Apiaceae) on the expression and acquisition of morphine-induced place conditioning in female mice
Parisa Valatabar Shiva Khezri Amir BarzegariIssue 4 , Vol. 7 , Autumn 2023Morphine is a drug that can lead to addiction because of its rewarding effects. The present study investigated the effects of a hydro-ethanolic extract of Echinophora platyloba L. (Apiaceae) on the rewarding effects of morphine. The rewarding effects of morphine and the MoreMorphine is a drug that can lead to addiction because of its rewarding effects. The present study investigated the effects of a hydro-ethanolic extract of Echinophora platyloba L. (Apiaceae) on the rewarding effects of morphine. The rewarding effects of morphine and the plant extract were evaluated using a conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm in mice. Additionally, the effects of administering the plant extract on the expression and acquisition of morphine CPP were investigated. Finally, the role of opioid receptors in the CPP of the plant extract was determined. Both morphine and the extract induced a significant CPP. Furthermore, naloxone could inhibit the CPP of the plant extract. The plant extract had no effect on the expression of morphine CPP, but it significantly inhibited the acquisition of morphine CPP. Consequently, the extract of E. platyloba L. has rewarding effects, which may be mediated through opioid receptors. The extract can also inhibit the acquisition of morphine CPP. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Phytochemical analysis of Echinops macrophyllus Boiss & Hausskn
Azadeh Khademian Mahdi Moridi Farimani Mostafa Alilou Mojtaba AsadollahiIssue 4 , Vol. 7 , Autumn 2023Echinops macrophyllus Boiss & Hausskn, also known as “Shekartighal kohgiluyeh” in Persian, is a prickly perennial herbaceous plant. Various species within the genus Echinops have traditionally been used as remedies for severe coughs, nervous attacks, and MoreEchinops macrophyllus Boiss & Hausskn, also known as “Shekartighal kohgiluyeh” in Persian, is a prickly perennial herbaceous plant. Various species within the genus Echinops have traditionally been used as remedies for severe coughs, nervous attacks, and infectious diseases. This study aimed to isolate and elucidate the structures of the compounds found in the aerial parts of E. macrophyllus. The ethyl acetate extract from the aerial parts of the plant was fractionated using column chromatography. The structures of the isolated compounds were characterized using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 1H-1H COSY, HSQC-DEPT, HMBC and NOESY techniques. Phytochemical analysis of the plant resulted in the isolation of six compounds (1-6), including one triterpenoid (α-amyrin) (4), three sterols involving 3-O-[β-D-(6’-tetradecanoate)-glucopyranosyl]-β-sitosterol (6), β-sitosterol (3), and daucosterol (5) as well as two phenolic compounds, namely p-hydroxybenzoic acid (1) and ethyl-2-hydroxy-trans-cinamate (2), from this species for the first time. It is noteworthy that these compounds have previously been reported to exhibit various biological activities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Screening of volatiles of Allium tripedale Trautv. and evaluation of the biological activities of its methanol extract
Majid Mohammadhosseini Behnam Mahdavi Mousa GholamiIssue 4 , Vol. 7 , Autumn 2023In this report, the volatile profiles from the flowers, leaves, stems and roots of Allium tripedale Trautv. have been characterized using headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Accordingly, high quantitie MoreIn this report, the volatile profiles from the flowers, leaves, stems and roots of Allium tripedale Trautv. have been characterized using headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Accordingly, high quantities of non-terpene hydrocarbons have been identified as the major constituting groups of all the relevant chemical profiles. The impact of the experimental variables has also been optimized using Design-Expert software. In addition, antioxidant and antibacterial properties of the methanol extract of the plant material have been determined. The results of this study revealed that this plant can be considered a potent antioxidant and antibacterial agent, serving as an alternative to chemical drugs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Nano-encapsulation of thyme essential oil in chitosan-Arabic gum system: evaluation of its antioxidant and antimicrobial properties
Maryam Hassani Shirin HasaniIssue 2 , Vol. 2 , Spring 2018In this study Nano–capsules based on chitosan (CS) and Arabic Gum (GA) with Thyme essential oil (TEO) as an active ingredient were prepared using emulsion method. The nano–capsules were characterized by their Encapsulation efficiency (EE), morphologies, Part MoreIn this study Nano–capsules based on chitosan (CS) and Arabic Gum (GA) with Thyme essential oil (TEO) as an active ingredient were prepared using emulsion method. The nano–capsules were characterized by their Encapsulation efficiency (EE), morphologies, Particle size distributions, Zeta potential and Release (RE). Results showed that nano–capsules produced by using relative ratio CS: GA (1.5%:8.5%) clearly showed the highest Encapsulation efficiency (77.67%) and Zeta potential value (+ 43.17 mV). In vitro release studies demonstrated a prolonged release for the samples with larger CS ratio. Most nano–capsules sizes ranged from 385.2 to 756.1 nm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed nano–capsules had a rough surface without the spherical shape for all samples. Quantitative values of antioxidant activity of Thyme essential oil and nano–encapsulated essential oil were studied. The essential oils were investigated for their antibacterial activity against common Gram–positive and Gram–negative pathogenic microorganisms (Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli) by Disk diffusion and dilution method (MIC). Our results reported the better antioxidant and antibacterial effects of the encapsulated TEO in comparison with free TEO. Finally, the mixture of CS: GA at (1.5%:8.5%) can be suggested as suitable wall material for Thyme essential oil encapsulation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Optimization of extraction methods for total polyphenolic compounds obtained from rhizomes of <i>Zingiber officinale</i>
Lida Eberle Alena Kobernik Aleksandra Aleksandrova Iryna KravchenkoIssue 1 , Vol. 2 , Winter 2018In an alternative medicine, aqueous extracts and decoctions of a ginger root (Ginger –Zingiber officinale Roscoe L., Ginger family – Zingiber aceae) are used as antibacterial, diaphoretic, analgesic, anti-emetic, anti-inflammatory drugs. The aim of our study MoreIn an alternative medicine, aqueous extracts and decoctions of a ginger root (Ginger –Zingiber officinale Roscoe L., Ginger family – Zingiber aceae) are used as antibacterial, diaphoretic, analgesic, anti-emetic, anti-inflammatory drugs. The aim of our study was to determine the optimal technological conditions of total polyphenolic compounds extraction under different extraction conditions from ginger roots. Ethanol extracts of the plant were obtained by maceration method, Soxleted apparatus and ultrasonic method. Polyphenol compounds and flavonoids were determined with the standard spectrophotometric methods using the Folin-Ciocalteu and differential spectrophotometry (complexation with AlCl3), respectively. It was found that the highest content of polyphenolic compounds and flavonoids from the raw material into the solvent system are determined after sonication followed by subsequent maceration during 10 (total polyphenolic compounds) and 7 days (flavonoids). Their concentration was 2.48 ± 0,029% and 1.3±0,08 %, respectively. Manuscript profile
